Proper Nutrition For Dogs - Puppies, Adults, and Seniors

Canines have specific nutritional needs, similar to people. Also like people, they advance through multiples stages of development. As their bodies change, so too, do their nutritional requirements. The needs of pups are different than those of adult dogs. The needs of adults are different than those of senior canines.

It's important for owners to recognize and accommodate these changing needs. As their pets progress through successive life stages, the food they eat plays a key role in their long-term health. With this in mind, we'll offer a few suggestions for designing a diet for your canine that meets his needs at every stage of his development.

Stage 1: Nutrition For Puppies

This stage lasts for twelve months. Because puppies are growing so quickly, they need more protein and calcium than adults. They also need to maintain a higher caloric intake since they tend to be more active.

Large breeds need special consideration because their bodies are growing even faster. Commercial brands of puppy food that are specially formulated for large breeds can provide the calories, protein, and nutrients needed for healthy development.

In addition to their growth in size, puppies are also developing their brain function and vision. For this reason, they need a rich source of omega-3 fatty acids, which should already be included in high-quality commercial brands.

Stage 2: Nutrition For Adult Dogs

When a puppy reaches twelve months, he should make the transition to an adult diet. Otherwise, he will likely become overweight. Adult canines need fewer calories and less protein because they have already grown to full size. Balance is important. Adults should receive plenty of protein, vitamins, minerals, and nutrients. The size of their meals should reflect their normal level of activity. Canines who are less active should be provided smaller meals to prevent obesity.

Unless your dog is of a large breed (over 50 lbs.), he should remain on adult food until he reaches seven years of age. At that point, he should switch to a senior diet.

Stage 3: Nutrition For Senior Canines

By the time a canine has reached his senior years, his metabolism will have slowed and he'll be less active than he was as an adult. Because of this, he'll require less protein and fewer calories for energy. His diet should include antioxidants, fats, some protein, and plenty of fiber.

Older dogs often lose their appetite, so getting them to consume a healthy diet may be a challenge. This is another reason to provide antioxidants and other supplements. By including them in your senior dog's diet, you can make sure he receives the nutrition he needs despite his lagging appetite.

Obesity: Common In Senior Dogs

Because senior canines are less active than at any other point in their lives, they burn fewer calories. This makes them vulnerable to obesity unless their owners proactively reduce the size of their meals. One of the problems with weight issues at this age is that slimming down is extremely difficult. It should still be pursued, however, since obesity can lead to diabetes, joint problems, heart disease, and high blood pressure.

These health issues invariably lead to other problems. For example, you may notice your dog developing breathing difficulties or a marked intolerance to heat. His liver function may become impaired and his already-compromised stamina may plummet further. He may experience digestive issues and eventually, a compromised immune system that makes him more susceptible to illness and disease.

Few owners consider these potential consequences when they overfeed their senior dogs. These health issues can lower your canine's quality of life during his twilight years. Provide your pet with high-quality commercial brands of dog food throughout his life - from the time he is a puppy through his senior years. Then, consult your veterinarian for guidance on reducing his meal size to prevent obesity.